Description : Nafplio (Greek: Ναύπλιο, Nauplio or Nauplion in Italian and other Western European languages) is a seaport town in the Peloponnese in Greece that has expanded up the hillsides near the north end of the Argolic Gulf. The town was an important seaport held under a succession of royal houses in the Middle Ages as part of the lordship of Argos and Nauplia, held initially by the de la Roche following the Fourth Crusade before coming under the Republic of Venice and, lastly, the Ottoman Empire. The town was the capital of the First Hellenic Republic and of the Kingdom of Greece, from the start of the Greek Revolution in 1821 until 1834. Nafplio is now the capital of the regional unit of Argolis. The name of the place is probably already around 1370 BC. Under Amenophis III. mentioned in one of his place name lists as Nupliya (nw-pi-r'-iy) . At that time there were trade relations between Egypt and the Argolid. According to the myth , the city was founded under the name Nauplia by Nauplios , son of Poseidon and the Amymone , and was the home of the legendary hero Palamedes . In the 7th century BC Chr. Nauplia was conquered by the neighboring Argos , otherwise it played no major role in antiquity and was already in the 2nd century BC. Left BC. In Byzantine times , Nafplio was re-founded and gained importance due to its strategic location. In 1211 Nafplio was conquered by the Venetians during the time of the Latin Empire . In 1542 the city came under Turkish rule, but it was recaptured by the Venetians and was called "Napoli di Romania" from 1686 to 1715, the capital of the Morea province . During this time, the city was again heavily fortified, which the Palamidi bastion still testifies to today . In 1715 it was under Sultan Ahmed III. captured under the most cruel circumstances by the Turks who massacred the Greek civilian population and the Venetian soldiers. Nafplio was besieged by Greek revolutionary troops for a year during the Greek Revolution and finally conquered in December 1822. From 1829 to 1834 Nafplio was after Aegina (1827-1829) the second capital of modern Greece after independence from the Ottoman Empire. In 1833 the city became the residence of Otto von Bayern , who became king of Greece . In 1834 the court moved to Athens , which has been the Greek capital ever since.
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